Ulysses

Notebooks & Notesheets

A descriptive list

Compiled by Danis Rose and John O'Hanlon

Chronological Table of Notebooks and Notesheets

Although some items (including individual notesheets) undoubtedly remain missing, we now possess the bulk of Joyce's notes for Ulysses. The appended dates (which may be revised later) refer primarily to earliest known usage of the material. It is clear, however, that for the intermediate and late notebooks, where the notes are sorted according to Ulysses episodes, the listings were added to, replenished, so to speak, from various sources including the notesheets (see below) at later times so that an individual notebook may have been filled over an extended period.

Pre-Ulysses Notebooks

Although they were availed of in its composition, these notes predate the beginning of Joyce's writing of Ulysses. They also appear to predate Joyce's habit of crossing out entries once used, though he may have desisted from doing so as the notebooks had sentimental value to him. Their initial usage was likely on now lost drafts, but we have indicated in the JJDA the earliest extant drafts where the material appears.
JN0 (Buffalo I.A; Cornell.18,4,17) Epiphanies
Known as the “Epiphanies” this set of short prose pieces by James Joyce are all that remains of a larger number written in the period 1900-04. What remains consists of 22 originals at Buffalo, 1 draft at Cornell, and, also at Cornell, 18 transcriptions made by Stanislaus Joyce for which the originals are missing.
  • DETAILS: Buffalo I.A: 21 loose sheets of blue ruled paper, plus one grey ruled sheet that was torn from a notebook. Joyce's text on rectos in ink, except for an addition in pencil on one sheet (p. 5); versos paginated 1,5,12-14,16,19,21-22,26,28,30,42,44-45,52,56-57,59,65,70-71; Cornell 18 (draft of Gogarty epiphany), 4, 17 (Stanislaus Joyce transcriptions). For completeness sake we have included a self-mocking epiphany included in a letter (now at Cornell) to Stanislaus Joyce of 10 January 1907.
  • PHOTO-REPLICATE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 7, pp. 1-69.
  • PUBLISHED EDITIONS: James Joyce Epiphanies, ed. O.A. Silverman (Buffalo: Lockwood Memorial Library, 1956); The Workshop of Daedalus, ed. R. Scholes and R. M. Kain (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1965) pp. 3-51.
  • DATE: 1900-1903, one 1904, one 1907; new epiphanies mentioned in a letter of 9 March 1903 to Stanislaus Joyce; their usage in Stephen Hero is mentioned in one of 19 January 1905 again to Stanislaus Joyce. One is partly quoted in a letter to Nora Barnacle dated 29 August 1904.
JN1 (NLI.2A) Paris-Pola
Known as the “Paris-Pola” or “Commonplace” Notebook, this is the earliest known notebook compiled by Joyce. He began it in Paris on his second visit from 23 January to 11 April 1903 (when he was called back to Dublin on news of his mother's ill-health), continued to write in it in Pola in November 1904 (where he had temporarily ended up after eloping with Nora Narnacle in October 1904), and returned to it briefly in Trieste sometime around 1912 to enter another, shorter list of books.
  • DETAILS: National Library of Ireland Add. MS 36,639/2/A: School exercise book for mathematics. Red-brown cover with black tape binding along outer spine. With printed cover title: L'ÉTUDIANT / [large laurel wreath] / Papeterie-Imprimerie F. BÉNARD / 10, Galerie de l'Odéon, 10 / Maison principale: 16, Rue de Vaugirard. 31 numbered pages; 10 unnumbered pages with text; blank page; small fragment remaining from removed leaf; 2 unnumbered pages with text; 38 blank pages [i.e. 82 pages + fragments of 2].
  • PUBLISHED EXTRACTS: Before its re-appearance as part of the Alexis Léon materials acquired by the National Library of Ireland in 2002, the sole source of information on the notebook was a number of extracts published in Herbert Gorman, James Joyce (New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1939), which, along with some further material from Gorman's notes, were repeated (with corrections) in Robert Scholes and Richard M. Kain, The Workshop of Daedalus (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1965), Ellsworth Mason and Richard Ellmann, eds. The Critical Writings of James Joyce (New York: Viking, 1968), and Kevin Barry, ed. Occasional, Critical, and Political Writings (Oxford: Oxford World Classics, 2000).
  • DATE: purchased by Joyce in Paris either in December 1902 or early 1903. See Letters II, 37: to his mother May Joyce, 20 March 1903)
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE:
  • Sources
Pages 5, and 6 of this notebook were copied onto Yale I.1-1 (dated 1903) and page 29 onto Yale I.1-2 (dated 1904). For a fuller account of the contents of this notebook, see Luca Crispi, “A Commentary on James Joyce’s National Library of Ireland ‘Early Commonplace Book’: 1903–1912 (MS 36,639/02/A)Genetic Joyce Studies Issue 9 (Spring 2009). See also Frank Callanan, “James Joyce and the United Irishman, Paris 1902-3”, Dublin James Joyce Journal, Number 3, 2010, pp. 51-103.
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PN1 (Buffalo II.A) A Portrait Essay
  • DETAILS: Buffalo II.A: A Vere Foster Ruled Exercise Book for schools. 11 leaves (22 pages), with alternating red and blue horizontal rules; 4 leaves were torn from the notebook and are missing. Joyce wrote on 21 pages in black ink, with a note in lead pencil on p. [19]; only 1 page is blank (p. [17]). The essay “A portrait of the Artist” takes up pages [1]-[15] and is followed by sundry notes.
  • PHOTO-REPLICATE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 7, pp. 70-94. A partial transcription (pp. 95-97) and a typescript of the essay (pp. 98-105) follow.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Robert Scholes and Richard M. Kain, eds. The Workshop of Daedalus (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1965), pp. 56-74.
  • DATE: 1904
  • Sources
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JN2 (Cornell.25) Alphabetical Notebook
  • DETAILS: Cornell University Library, Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections. James Joyce, Alphabetical Notebook, #4609: autograph notes are contained in a thick notebook, bound in half cloth over red-and-black mottled boards, with marbled edges. There are 300 ruled leaves in the book. The leaves are divided by 25 red tabs with white letters and have been cut so as to display the tabs, which are arranged in alphabetical order from top to bottom. Much of the material in this book was used verbatim by James Joyce in his published works, especially A Portrait of the Artist and Ulysses.
  • PHOTO-REPLICATE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 7, pp. 109-156.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Robert Scholes and Richard M. Kain, eds. The Workshop of Daedalus (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1965), pp. 92-105.
  • DATE: Probably around or shortly after 1909, when Joyce visited Ireland and recorded the details of Michael Healy's room.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: 1912-1914, when he revised the earlier chapters and composed Chapter V of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. It was also used in 1913-1914 in the composition of early versions of segments of Ulysses of which only a few pages survive.
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GN1 (Dzierbicki) Giacomo Joyce
  • DETAILS: Ronald L. Dzierbicki Collection: The text, which consists of a sequence of 50 prose pieces each separated from its predecessor, is written in ink in Joyce's best handwriting on both sides of eight large artist's drawing sheets held between loose blue covers on which is written “Giacomo Joyce” in an unknown hand (presumably that of one of his Triestine pupils). The pages, which are not numbered, are all written on.
  • PHOTO-REPLICATE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 7, pp. 276-309.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Richard Ellmann, ed. Giacomo Joyce (London: Faber and Faber, 1968).
  • DATE: probably Summer 1914, when Joyce was finishing A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and beginning Ulysses (though no manuscripts from the period for the later book survive).
This manuscript is a fair copy, so that many of the prose-pieces that make it up may have been written much earlier. Ellmann has dated several of them as early as 1911. Others could not have been drafted before 1914. Joyce left Giacomo behind in Trieste when he moved to Paris in July 1920.

Early Ulysses Notebooks: Autumn-Winter 1917/1918

These notes, dating from 1917 and early 1918, were the first collected specifically for Ulysses
UN1 (NLI.3) The Subject Notebook
The earliest known Ulysses-specific manuscript, un1 is unusual in that, harking back to the so-called “Alphabetical notebook” prepared for A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in 1910, its entries are pre-sorted according to characters (including, for the first time, ‘Leopold’) and themes rather than to the Homeric episode-names.
  • DETAILS: National Library of Ireland Add. MS 36,639/3: Mathematics exercise book with pink-red cover. Printed label pasted to outer front cover: “Modello e / Quaderno Officiale / ARITMETICA / per tutte le Classi delle Scuole primarie e maggiori” [32] unnumbered pages, 22 x 17.2 cm.
  • TRANSCRIPTION: unused elements copied by Mme France Raphael in mid-1930s into Finnegans Wake notebook VI.C.7 255-269 (see JJA 41:436-440) = VI.D.4D.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: The Dublin Ulysses papers, vol. 3, ed. Danis Rose (East Lansing: House of Breathings, 2012).
  • DATE: probably purchased by Joyce in Locarno in mid-October 1917.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Telemachus fair copy: Locarno, November 1917.
  • Sources
For a fuller account of the contents of this notebook, see Wim Van Mierlo, “The Subject Notebook: A Nexus in the Composition History of Ulysses — A Preliminary AnalysisGenetic Joyce Studies 2007.
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UN2 (VI.D.7)
This is the first of a pair of so-called ‘primary’ notebooks, into which Joyce entered material directly from his reading. The notebook includes details of the goings-on in Dublin and elsewhere around Bloomsday (16 June 1904, noted here for the first time) copied from the Times; slang-words from Dictionaries and notes on Homeric themes.
  • DETAILS: Missing notebook.
  • TRANSCRIPTION: unused elements copied by Mme France Raphael in mid-1930s into Finnegans Wake notebook VI.C.16 232-274 (see JJA 42:348-359)
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: The Lost Notebook, ed. Danis Rose & John O'Hanlon (Edinburgh: Split Pea Press, 1989). This is an annotated version of the notebook reconstructed from the transcribed pages in VI.C.16 and from clues in other Ulysses manuscripts (notebooks, notesheets and drafts).
  • DATE: probably purchased by Joyce in Locarno in late 1917 or in Zurich in January 1918.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Proteus eo-text and proto-text: Locarno/Zurich, December 1917/January 1918.
  • Sources
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UN3 (VIII.A.5)
The second of a pair of ‘primary’ notebooks, UN3 includes, inter alia, notes on Homeric themes etc continued from un2.
  • DETAILS: Buffalo MS VIII.A.5 (see JJA 12:129-166): Pocket-sized notebook, 17.4 x 10.8 cm. Blue paper covers. 25 leaves of graph paper (last leaf torn from notebook), stapled: first 33 pages and last 3 pages written on; 14 pages blank: late 1917.
  • PHOTO-REPLICATE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 12, pp. 131-166.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Notes and Early Drafts for Ulysses: Selections from the Buffalo Collection, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1977), pages [1]-33.
  • DATE: probably purchased by Joyce in Zurich in early 1918.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Hades fair copy: Zurich, May 1918.
  • Sources
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Intermediate Ulysses Notebooks: late 1918 – early 1920

—“I arrived here [Paris] with my family three days ago. My intention is to remain here three months in order to write the last adventure Circe in peace (?) and also the first episode of the close. For this purpose I brought with me a recast of my notes and MS and also an extract of insertions for the first half of the book in case it be set up during my stay here. The book contains (unfortunately) one episode more than you suppose in your last letter. I am very tired of it and so is everybody else.” (Letters I, 142: to Harriet Weaver, 12 July 1920)

In the following two notebooks, which form a pair, the notes are sorted according to Ulysses episodes. They were initially compiled for the purpose of revising (and expanding) already-drafted episodes.

UN4 (NLI.5A)
  • DETAILS: National Library of Ireland Add. MS 36,639/5A: Purple-grey marbled outer cover; grey-green plain inner cover. [60] unnumbered pages. 21 x 15.5 cm. Fragment of decorative label on front outer cover with text in pencil: “13A / ADD[...]” (possibly ‘ADDITIONS’) The covers are detached from the binding and from each other. On inner front cover in pencil: “Dabcd” (indicating that the notebook was used again ca. 1926 in revising the typescript of Finnegans Wake III.1-4).
  • TRANSCRIPTION: unused elements copied by Mme France Raphael in mid-1930s into Finnegans Wake notebook VI.C.7 136-201 (see JJA 41:401-423) = VI.D.4A
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: The Dublin Ulysses papers, vol. 4, ed. Danis Rose (East Lansing: House of Breathings, 2012). In this edition, many of the crossed entries marked "unlocated" in Ulysses may have been worked into Finnegans Wake; e.g. “annoying part of it was”, “and what's more”, etc., but this remains to be confirmed).
  • DATE: probably begun at the end of 1918/early 1919 but filled in over a protracted period.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Scylla drafts, Sirens drafts: Zurich, late 1918-Spring 1919.
  • Sources
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UN5 (NLI.5B)
  • DETAILS: National Library of Ireland Add. MS 36,639/5B: Plain blue covers. [24] unnumbered pages. 21.7 x 17.2 cm. In pencil at top right of recto of front cover: “13B”. On recto of end cover: “Dabcd” (indicating that the notebook was used again ca. 1926 in revising the typescript of Finnegans Wake III.1-4). The covers are detached from the binding and from each other.
  • TRANSCRIPTION: unused elements copied by Mme France Raphael in mid-1930s into Finnegans Wake notebook VI.C.7 202-234 (see JJA 41:423-431) = VI.D.4B
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: The Dublin Ulysses papers, vol. 5, ed. Danis Rose (East Lansing: House of Breathings, 2012).
  • DATE: probably begun at the end of 1918/early 1919 but filled in over a protracted period.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Scylla drafts, Sirens drafts: Zurich, late 1918-Spring 1919.
  • Sources
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Late Ulysses Notebooks: 1921

These, the last of the Ulysses notebooks, again form a pair. They were compiled principally for revising (expanding) the various episodes at galley and page-proof stage.
UN6 (NLI.4)
  • DETAILS: National Library of Ireland Add. MS 36,639/4: Copybook in plain blue cover. [24] pages 21.7 x 17.5 cm. On back cover (inner) in MS “Dabcd” (indicating that the notebook was used again ca. 1926 in revising the typescript of Finnegans Wake III.1-4).
  • TRANSCRIPTION: unused elements copied by Mme France Raphael in mid-1930s into Finnegans Wake notebook VI.C.7 235-254 (see JJA 41:431-436) = VI.D.4C
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: The Dublin Ulysses papers, vol. 6, ed. Danis Rose (East Lansing: House of Breathings, 2012).
  • DATE: probably begun early in 1921 but filled in over a few months.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Eumeus drafts: Paris, January-February 1921
  • Sources
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UN7 (V.A.2)
  • DETAILS: Buffalo MS V.A.2 (see JJA 12:97-125): Copybook, covers missing. 20 leaves ruled paper 22.5 x 16.9 cm.
  • FACSIMILE: James Joyce Archive (New York: Garland, 1978), vol. 12, pp. 97-125.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Notes and Early Drafts for Ulysses: Selections from the Buffalo Collection, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1977), pages [35]-118.
  • DATE: probably begun early in 1921 but filled in over a few months.
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Eumeus drafts: Paris, January-February 1921.
  • Sources
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Ulysses Notesheets: Summer 1919 – Summer 1921

Episode specific notes, used principally in drafting the final 7 Ulysses episodes.
Sheets 12 (Cyclops Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 10 (divided into 15 sectors): same order of sheets as Herring, but revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 6-8: 3 large folios folded into 10 used and 2 blank “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. Summer 1919, Zurich
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Cyclops drafts: Zurich, June-July 1919.
  • Sources
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Sheets 13 (Nausicaa Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 8(divided into 25 sectors): same order of sheets as Herring, but revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 9-10: 2 large folios folded into 8 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. Late 1919, Trieste.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Nausicaa drafts: Trieste, November 1919.
  • Sources
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Sheets 14 (Oxen Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 21 (divided into 89 sectors): not in the same order of sheets as Herring, and with a revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 11-15: 5 large folios folded into 21 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. Early 1920, Trieste.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Oxen of the Sun drafts: Trieste, Spring 1920.
  • Sources
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Sheets 15 (Circe Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 21 (divided into 75 sectors): not in the same order of sheets as Herring, and with a revised order of units
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 16-21: 6 large folios folded into 8 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. Spring and Summer 1920, Trieste and Paris,
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Circe drafts: Trieste/Paris, Spring-Summer 1920.
  • Sources
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Sheets 16 (Eumeus Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 7 (divided into 28 sectors): same order of sheets as Herring, but revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 22-23: 2 large folios folded into 7 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. Early 1921, Paris.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Eumeus drafts: Paris, January 1921.
  • Sources
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Sheets 17 (Ithaca Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 16 (divided into 52 sectors): same order of sheets as Herring, but revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 24-27: 4 large folios folded into 16 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. 1921, Paris.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Ithaca drafts: Paris, April 1921.
  • Sources
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Sheets 18 (Penelope Notesheets)
Sheets 1 to 7 (divided into 20 sectors): same order of sheets as Herring, but revised order of units.
  • DETAILS: BL Add MS 49975, fols. 28-29: 2 large folios folded into 7 used “notesheets”. For convenience these are here further divided into segments (left and right columns, margins, etc) to indicate the disposition of notes on the page. 1921, Paris.
  • PUBLISHED EDITION: Joyce's Ulysses Notesheets in the British Museum, ed. Phillip Herring (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1972). Also published in facsimile in the James Joyce Archive vol. 12 (New York: Garland, 1978).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Penelope drafts: Paris, August 1921.
  • Sources
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Sheets 19 (Virtual)
These “virtual” or imaginary notesheets have been compiled to act as a repository for details from known sources, for which no extant manuscripts are available. In the case of the Irish Independent of June 16/17, 1904, and the Evening Telegraph of June 16, 1904, it is possible that Joyce worked directly from the sources without first taking notes (thus the originals are their own notesheets).
  • EARLIEST DATEABLE USE: Sector 1: Cyclops drafts, Zurich, Summer 1919. Sector 2: Wandering Rocks fair copy: Zurich, January 1919. Sector 3: Eumeus early draft: Paris, January 1921. Sector 4: Paris, 1920-21.
  • Sources